|
Dear All, I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
You can suggest the variable range functionality of this circuit components.
Hope you will help me.
BR HASAN
|
On 12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io wrote: Dear All,
I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
Kindly help me to simulate the attached circuit file, here https:// groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5- step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer- circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
You can suggest the variable range functionality of this circuit components.
Hope you will help me.
This being an LTspice group the starting point would be you posting your LTspice files. Not a picture of a schematic. -- http://davesrocketworks.comDavid Schultz
|
Zip file is also not suitable.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08 PM GMT+1, David Schultz via groups.io <david.schultz@...> wrote:
On 12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io wrote: > Dear All, > I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance. > Kindly help me to simulate the attached circuit file, here https:// > groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5- > step.rar < https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable range functionality of this circuit components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
> This being an LTspice group the starting point would be you posting your LTspice files. Not a picture of a schematic. -- http://davesrocketworks.comDavid Schultz
|
Why would a ZIP file be unsuitable?
Unfortunately, most users of Groups.IO will insist on the common .ZIP compression, only.
Dave
переключити цитоване повідомлення
Показати цитований текст
From: LTspice@groups.io <LTspice@groups.io> On Behalf Of
MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io
Sent: Tuesday, December 24, 2024 12:08 PM
To: ltspice@groups.io
Subject: EXTERNAL: Re: [LTspice] LM324 based automatic voltage stabilizer circuit simulation
Zip file is also not suitable.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08 PM GMT+1, David Schultz via groups.io <david.schultz@...>
wrote:
On 12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io wrote:
> Dear All,
> I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
> Kindly help me to simulate the attached circuit file, here https://
> groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5-
> step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable range functionality of this circuit components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
>
This being an LTspice group the starting point would be you posting your
LTspice files. Not a picture of a schematic.
--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz
|
Quite apart from that, it's impossible to
simulate that complex circuit without the full specification of
every component. This is undoubtedly impracticable.
On 2024-12-24 20:12, Bell, Dave via
groups.io wrote:
Why would a ZIP file be unsuitable?
Unfortunately, most users of Groups.IO will
insist on the common .ZIP compression, only.
Dave
Zip
file is also not suitable.
On
Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08 PM GMT+1,
David Schultz via groups.io <david.schultz@...>
wrote:
On
12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io
wrote:
> Dear All,
> I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to
study its performance.
> Kindly help me to simulate the attached
circuit file, here https://
>
groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5-
> step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable range
functionality of this circuit components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
>
This being an LTspice group the starting point
would be you posting your
LTspice files. Not a picture of a schematic.
--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
|
John,
Thank you for the reply. What kind of difficulties you can find? For example
1. Impossible to make transformers function? 2. Relays are Impossible to control? 3. The circuit is big enough and not possible to make sections or subsections? 4. Most of the parts need to be customized.
If possible can you share any similar file to study?
@ Dave, I was missing "?" sign from my last question.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:18:34 PM GMT+1, John Woodgate <jmw@...> wrote:
Quite apart from that, it's impossible to
simulate that complex circuit without the full specification of
every component. This is undoubtedly impracticable.
On 2024-12-24 20:12, Bell, Dave via
groups.io wrote:
Why would a ZIP file be unsuitable?
Unfortunately, most users of Groups.IO will
insist on the common .ZIP compression, only.
Dave
From: LTspice@groups.io
<LTspice@groups.io> On Behalf Of
MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io
Sent: Tuesday, December 24, 2024 12:08 PM
To: ltspice@groups.io
Subject: EXTERNAL: Re: [LTspice] LM324 based
automatic voltage stabilizer circuit simulation
Zip
file is also not suitable.
On
Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08 PM GMT+1,
David Schultz via groups.io <david.schultz@...>
wrote:
On
12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io
wrote:
> Dear All,
> I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to
study its performance.
> Kindly help me to simulate the attached
circuit file, here https://
>
groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5-
> step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable range
functionality of this circuit components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
>
This being an LTspice group the starting point
would be you posting your
LTspice files. Not a picture of a schematic.
--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
|
Difficulty number 4.
I don't know of anything similar, and I would
say that it's very old technology. A modern stabilized AC supply
would use quite different, probably high-frequency switching,
techniques, and LTspice is not the right simulator for such
circuits.
On 2024-12-24 21:42, MD MUBDIUL HASAN
via groups.io wrote:
John,
Thank you for the reply. What kind of difficulties you can
find? For example
1. Impossible to make transformers function?
2. Relays are Impossible to control?
3. The circuit is big enough and not possible to make
sections or subsections?
4. Most of the parts need to be customized.
If possible can you share any similar file to study?
@ Dave, I was missing "?" sign from my last question.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:18:34 PM GMT+1,
John Woodgate <jmw@...> wrote:
Quite apart from that, it's
impossible to simulate that complex circuit
without the full specification of every component.
This is undoubtedly impracticable.
On
2024-12-24 20:12, Bell, Dave via groups.io wrote:
Why
would a ZIP file be unsuitable?
Unfortunately,
most users of Groups.IO will insist on the common
.ZIP compression, only.
Dave
Zip file is also not
suitable.
On
Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08
PM GMT+1, David Schultz via groups.io
<david.schultz@...>
wrote:
On
12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via
groups.io wrote:
> Dear All,
> I wanted to build up a voltage
stabilizer to study its performance.
> Kindly help me to simulate the
attached circuit file, here https://
>
groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5-
> step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable
range functionality of this circuit
components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
>
This being an LTspice group the
starting point would be you posting
your
LTspice files. Not a picture of a
schematic.
--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
|
A modern stabilized AC supply would use quite different, probably high-frequency switching, techniques, and LTspice is not the right simulator for such circuits.
>>> In some sense the circuit may not be wrong. This oldest types are cheap rate in market.
I will try to simulate it in another tools.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 10:51:45 PM GMT+1, John Woodgate <jmw@...> wrote:
Difficulty number 4.
I don't know of anything similar, and I would
say that it's very old technology. A modern stabilized AC supply
would use quite different, probably high-frequency switching,
techniques, and LTspice is not the right simulator for such
circuits.
On 2024-12-24 21:42, MD MUBDIUL HASAN
via groups.io wrote:
John,
Thank you for the reply. What kind of difficulties you can
find? For example
1. Impossible to make transformers function?
2. Relays are Impossible to control?
3. The circuit is big enough and not possible to make
sections or subsections?
4. Most of the parts need to be customized.
If possible can you share any similar file to study?
@ Dave, I was missing "?" sign from my last question.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:18:34 PM GMT+1,
John Woodgate <jmw@...> wrote:
Quite apart from that, it's
impossible to simulate that complex circuit
without the full specification of every component.
This is undoubtedly impracticable.
On
2024-12-24 20:12, Bell, Dave via groups.io wrote:
Why
would a ZIP file be unsuitable?
Unfortunately,
most users of Groups.IO will insist on the common
.ZIP compression, only.
Dave
Zip file is also not
suitable.
On
Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08
PM GMT+1, David Schultz via groups.io
<david.schultz@...>
wrote:
On
12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via
groups.io wrote:
> Dear All,
> I wanted to build up a voltage
stabilizer to study its performance.
> Kindly help me to simulate the
attached circuit file, here https://
>
groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5-
> step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable
range functionality of this circuit
components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
>
This being an LTspice group the
starting point would be you posting
your
LTspice files. Not a picture of a
schematic.
--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
|
There is nothing in the imaged circuit that cannot, in principle, be modelled in LTspice.
The most obscure part is transformer TR1.
The main winding (taps A … E) is most likely a specific, commercial part; but without knowing the expected voltages (or turns ratios) of that winding and taps AND the smaller, isolated one (possibly another 18V, like TR2?), it simply
cannot be fully functional.
The three relay drivers on the left side almost beg to be modelled as identical subsections, easily done with the information shown.
Same with the High/Low cutout circuit on the right side.
If you can get more details, perhaps someone here can help you!
Dave
переключити цитоване повідомлення
Показати цитований текст
From: LTspice@groups.io <LTspice@groups.io> On Behalf Of
MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io
Sent: Tuesday, December 24, 2024 2:23 PM
To: ltspice@groups.io
Subject: EXTERNAL: Re: [LTspice] LM324 based automatic voltage stabilizer circuit simulation
A modern stabilized AC supply would use quite different, probably high-frequency switching, techniques, and LTspice is not the right simulator
for such circuits.
>>> In some sense the circuit may not be wrong.
This oldest types are cheap rate in market.
I will try to simulate it in another tools.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 10:51:45 PM GMT+1, John Woodgate <jmw@...> wrote:
Difficulty number 4.
I don't know of anything similar, and I would say that it's very old technology. A modern stabilized AC supply would use quite different, probably high-frequency switching, techniques,
and LTspice is not the right simulator for such circuits.
On 2024-12-24 21:42, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io wrote:
Thank you for the reply. What kind of difficulties you can find? For example
1. Impossible to make transformers function?
2. Relays are Impossible to control?
3. The circuit is big enough and not possible to make sections or subsections?
4. Most of the parts need to be customized.
If possible can you share any similar file to study?
@ Dave, I was missing "?" sign from my last question.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:18:34 PM GMT+1, John Woodgate
<jmw@...> wrote:
Quite apart from that, it's impossible to simulate that complex circuit without the full specification of every component. This is undoubtedly impracticable.
On 2024-12-24 20:12, Bell, Dave via groups.io wrote:
Why would a ZIP file be unsuitable?
Unfortunately, most users of Groups.IO will insist on the common .ZIP compression, only.
Dave
Zip file is also not suitable.
On Tuesday, December 24, 2024 at 09:00:08 PM GMT+1, David Schultz via groups.io <david.schultz@...>
wrote:
On 12/24/24 1:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io wrote:
> Dear All,
> I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
> Kindly help me to simulate the attached circuit file, here https://
> groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-circuit-3-relay-5-
> step.rar <https://groups.io/g/LTspice/files/Temp/automatic-stabilzer-
> circuit-3-relay-5-step.rar>
>
> You can suggest the variable range functionality of this circuit components.
>
> Hope you will help me.
>
This being an LTspice group the starting point would be you posting your
LTspice files. Not a picture of a schematic.
--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
--
OOO - Own Opinions Only
Best Wishes
John Woodgate
Keep trying
|
Le 24/12/2024 à 22:50, John Woodgate a
écrit :
A modern stabilized AC supply would use quite
different, probably high-frequency switching, techniques, and
LTspice is not the right simulator for such circuits.
Unless I misunderstand, it surprizes me,
considering LTspice started in 1991 as SwitcherCAD, clearly
oriented towards switching regulators. At least, that's what I
undersood.
|
On Tue, Dec 24, 2024 at 02:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
...
Hope you will help me.
The simple answer to your question is this:
- Draw it in LTspice.
- Press RUN.
LTspice is quite capable of simulating electronic circuits such as this. It is one of the most capable simulators for that. Why go to another tool when you have one of the best in front of you?
That being said, your next step is getting good or good-enough SPICE models for all the parts. R's, C's, and most L's are not a problem. Semiconductors, maybe no problem either, but people come up with obscure transistors and then expect someone else to make them a model. Often a model borrowed from another part is good enough.
Pots can be simulated as two resistors in series, as everyone knows that is what they are.
And then there are the transformers and relays.
Linear transformers (where the core has no hysteresis and does not saturate) are simple to make in SPICE but you need to find the inductances, turns ratio, and DC resistance, and often nobody knows what they are, so that is part of your job. If you have a schematic such as this which has no clues on it, then your work is cut out for you.
Relays? Do you really need to simulate them? You must understand why. And then you can come up with a basic model that works well enough.
Now let's start with a few other matters:
- Never upload a .RAR file like you did. Did you bother to read the group's guidelines? Go there and do that now. (I fixed your file by changing it to a .ZIP for you. Next time, do that yourself before uploading.)
- ZIP files are definitely suitable. Did you bother to read the group's guidelines? Go there and do that now.
- Photos go into Photos, not Files. Do not upload photos into the Files section. Did you bother to read the group's guidelines? Go there and do that now.
- I recommend not uploading .webp photos. Some graphics programs have trouble with them.
- Is your schematic dependable and accurate? It says "Autotransformer" but that is not an autotransformer. The circuit around the LM324 looks questionable, but I did not draw it out so that is a snap judgment. Did the person who made that schematic know what they were doing? I question whether they did. You could be wasting your time trying to simulate a bad circuit.
Andy
|
Andy, Thank you to come up some good advice and suggestions. I do believe that if I start drawing circuit in LTspice, may be others can help me for bug fixing, After a time it will be doable. I saw a autotransformer design, that has been done in LTspice, implementing some K factors.
I beg pardon if I violate the group guideline. Looking at the wrong circuit diagram, I found it in online. Some technician might have draw it in some places. I will look for it again.
This type of cheap product was available in market, I also need to understand this circuit can operate with over and under voltage or not. "cut off" situation is important.
I will post the correct file for sure.
On Wednesday, December 25, 2024 at 03:44:57 PM GMT+1, Andy I via groups.io <ai.egrps+io@...> wrote:
On Tue, Dec 24, 2024 at 02:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
...
Hope you will help me.
The simple answer to your question is this:
- Draw it in LTspice.
- Press RUN.
LTspice is quite capable of simulating electronic circuits such as this. It is one of the most capable simulators for that. Why go to another tool when you have one of the best in front of you?
That being said, your next step is getting good or good-enough SPICE models for all the parts. R's, C's, and most L's are not a problem. Semiconductors, maybe no problem either, but people come up with obscure transistors and then expect someone else to make them a model. Often a model borrowed from another part is good enough.
Pots can be simulated as two resistors in series, as everyone knows that is what they are.
And then there are the transformers and relays.
Linear transformers (where the core has no hysteresis and does not saturate) are simple to make in SPICE but you need to find the inductances, turns ratio, and DC resistance, and often nobody knows what they are, so that is part of your job. If you have a schematic such as this which has no clues on it, then your work is cut out for you.
Relays? Do you really need to simulate them? You must understand why. And then you can come up with a basic model that works well enough.
Now let's start with a few other matters:
- Never upload a .RAR file like you did. Did you bother to read the group's guidelines? Go there and do that now. (I fixed your file by changing it to a .ZIP for you. Next time, do that yourself before uploading.)
- ZIP files are definitely suitable. Did you bother to read the group's guidelines? Go there and do that now.
- Photos go into Photos, not Files. Do not upload photos into the Files section. Did you bother to read the group's guidelines? Go there and do that now.
- I recommend not uploading .webp photos. Some graphics programs have trouble with them.
- Is your schematic dependable and accurate? It says "Autotransformer" but that is not an autotransformer. The circuit around the LM324 looks questionable, but I did not draw it out so that is a snap judgment. Did the person who made that schematic know what they were doing? I question whether they did. You could be wasting your time trying to simulate a bad circuit.
Andy
|
Am autotransformer is modelled as several inductors in series, paying attention to the “start” marker.
Once the inductors are lined up, write one “K” directive, to define the coupling among them; typically, something like “K1 L1 L2 L3 L4 0.98”. The stray single winding is handled exactly the same way, and should be one of the L’s in the
K directive..
Regarding the winding “start” indicator: It will not appear until there is a K statement referring to it, so you may need to flip polaraties after they are all placed and the K statement is in place.
Dave
переключити цитоване повідомлення
Показати цитований текст
From: LTspice@groups.io <LTspice@groups.io> On Behalf Of
MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io
Sent: Wednesday, December 25, 2024 10:13 AM
To: ltspice@groups.io
Subject: EXTERNAL: Re: [LTspice] LM324 based automatic voltage stabilizer circuit simulation
Thank you to come up some good advice and suggestions.
I do believe that if I start drawing circuit in LTspice, may be others can help me for bug fixing, After a time it will be doable.
I saw a autotransformer design, that has been done in LTspice, implementing some K factors.
I beg pardon if I violate the group guideline.
Looking at the wrong circuit diagram, I found it in online. Some technician might have draw it in some places.
I will look for it again.
This type of cheap product was available in market, I also need to understand this circuit can operate with over and under voltage or not. "cut off" situation is important.
I will post the correct file for sure.
On Wednesday, December 25, 2024 at 03:44:57 PM GMT+1, Andy I via groups.io <ai.egrps+io@...>
wrote:
On Tue, Dec 24, 2024 at 02:50 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
I wanted to build up a voltage stabilizer to study its performance.
The simple answer to your question is this:
-
Draw it in LTspice.
-
Press RUN.
LTspice is quite capable of simulating electronic circuits such as this. It is one of the most capable simulators for that. Why go to another tool when you
have one of the best in front of you?
That being said, your next step is getting good or good-enough SPICE models for all the parts. R's, C's, and most L's are not a problem. Semiconductors, maybe
no problem either, but people come up with obscure transistors and then expect someone else to make them a model. Often a model borrowed from another part is good enough.
Pots can be simulated as two resistors in series, as everyone knows that is what they are.
And then there are the transformers and relays.
Linear transformers (where the core has no hysteresis and does not saturate) are simple to make in SPICE but you need to find the inductances, turns ratio,
and DC resistance, and often nobody knows what they are, so that is part of
your job. If you have a schematic such as this which has no clues on it, then your work is cut out for you.
Relays? Do you really need to simulate them? You must understand why. And then you can come up with a basic model that works well enough.
Now let's start with a few other matters:
-
Never upload a .RAR file like you did. Did you bother to read the
group's guidelines? Go there and do that now. (I fixed your file by changing it to a .ZIP for you. Next time, do that yourself before uploading.)
-
ZIP files are definitely suitable. Did you bother to read the
group's guidelines? Go there and do that now.
-
Photos go into
Photos, not Files. Do not upload photos into the Files section. Did you bother to read the
group's guidelines? Go there and do that now.
-
I recommend not uploading .webp photos. Some graphics programs have trouble with them.
-
Is your schematic dependable and accurate? It says "Autotransformer" but that is not an autotransformer. The circuit around the LM324 looks questionable, but I did not draw it out so that is
a snap judgment. Did the person who made that schematic know what they were doing? I question whether they did. You could be wasting your time trying to simulate a bad circuit.
|
On Wed, Dec 25, 2024 at 01:13 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
..., I also need to understand this circuit can operate with over and under voltage or not. "cut off" situation is important.
I might be wrong, but it looks to me like this circuit best provides a voltage boost. I guess there is one choice for voltage reduction. So, it might not be a good choice for handling an over-voltage situation from the mains supply.
I don't understand what you mean by "cut off" situation. What is "cut off"?
Andy
|
Hasan,
Also, the range of voltages over which the circuit can give a stabilized output, is not known, unless you know the specifications of that transformer, TR1. The relays in the circuit select taps on the transformer. It won't give you voltages other than the ones the transformer's taps are capable of providing.
Andy
|
I might be wrong, but it looks to me like this circuit best provides a voltage boost. I guess there is one choice for voltage reduction. So, it might not be a good choice for handling an over-voltage situation from the mains supply.
>> It depends on how you sense the voltage at the input, is it HIGH or LOW, I will come with another circuit which might be meaningful.
I don't understand what you mean by "cut off" situation. What is "cut off"?
>>I do mean at low and high voltage compared to 220VAC( few % fluctuations) the load will be diss-connected from the system or it will be "on-hold" for a period.
On Wednesday, December 25, 2024 at 08:03:32 PM GMT+1, Andy I via groups.io <ai.egrps+io@...> wrote:
On Wed, Dec 25, 2024 at 01:13 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
..., I also need to understand this circuit can operate with over and under voltage or not. "cut off" situation is important.
I might be wrong, but it looks to me like this circuit best provides a voltage boost. I guess there is one choice for voltage reduction. So, it might not be a good choice for handling an over-voltage situation from the mains supply.
I don't understand what you mean by "cut off" situation. What is "cut off"?
Andy
|
Am autotransformer is modelled as several inductors in series, paying attention to the “start” marker. Once the inductors are lined up, write one “K” directive, to define the coupling among them; typically, something like “K1 L1 L2 L3 L4 0.98”. The stray single winding is handled exactly the same way, and should be one of the L’s in the K directive.. Regarding the winding “start” indicator: It will not appear until there is a K statement referring to it, so you may need to flip polaraties after they are all placed and the K statement is in place. >> Exactly, well said Dave. I think I can do it here if necessary.
On Wednesday, December 25, 2024 at 08:18:58 PM GMT+1, MD MUBDIUL HASAN via groups.io <mdmubdiulhasan@...> wrote:
I might be wrong, but it looks to me like this circuit best provides a voltage boost. I guess there is one choice for voltage reduction. So, it might not be a good choice for handling an over-voltage situation from the mains supply.
>> It depends on how you sense the voltage at the input, is it HIGH or LOW, I will come with another circuit which might be meaningful.
I don't understand what you mean by "cut off" situation. What is "cut off"?
>>I do mean at low and high voltage compared to 220VAC( few % fluctuations) the load will be diss-connected from the system or it will be "on-hold" for a period.
On Wednesday, December 25, 2024 at 08:03:32 PM GMT+1, Andy I via groups.io <ai.egrps+io@...> wrote:
On Wed, Dec 25, 2024 at 01:13 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
..., I also need to understand this circuit can operate with over and under voltage or not. "cut off" situation is important.
I might be wrong, but it looks to me like this circuit best provides a voltage boost. I guess there is one choice for voltage reduction. So, it might not be a good choice for handling an over-voltage situation from the mains supply.
I don't understand what you mean by "cut off" situation. What is "cut off"?
Andy
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The boost/buck question depends completely upon the taps of TR1.
I believe there were 5 taps in the drawing, labelled A … E.
If C was defined to be the 220VAC (Phase) input, then there would be two boost taps (D, E) and two buck (A, B).
I didn’t trace the relay contacts to try to figure out the “nominal” 1:1 configuration.
Dave
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From: LTspice@groups.io <LTspice@groups.io> On Behalf Of
Andy I via groups.io
Sent: Wednesday, December 25, 2024 11:03 AM
To: LTspice@groups.io
Subject: EXTERNAL: Re: [LTspice] LM324 based automatic voltage stabilizer circuit simulation
On Wed, Dec 25, 2024 at 01:13 PM, MD MUBDIUL HASAN wrote:
..., I also need to understand this circuit can operate with over and under voltage or not. "cut off" situation is important.
I might be wrong, but it looks to me like this circuit best provides a voltage boost. I guess there is one choice for voltage reduction. So, it might not be a good choice for handling an over-voltage situation from the mains supply.
I don't understand what you mean by "cut off" situation. What is "cut off"?
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On Wed, Dec 25, 2024 at 02:39 PM, Bell, Dave wrote:
The boost/buck question depends completely upon the taps of TR1.
I believe there were 5 taps in the drawing, labelled A … E.
If C was defined to be the 220VAC (Phase) input, then there would be two boost taps (D, E) and two buck (A, B).
Almost, but not quite. One of the pins is the common, leaving you with 4 pins for choosing the input:output transformation.
A is the common. The input voltage may be applied between pin A and:
- pin B, leaving you with C, D, and E as "boosted" output voltages;
- pin C, leaving you with unused B, or D and E as "boosted" outputs;
- pin E, leaving you with only D as a "buck" output (other pins unused).
There is also the straight-through one where input flows to output without passing "through" the transformer (but is also applied between pins A and E so that other circuits receive power).
So you get one straight-through, plus potentially five "boosted" outputs, and one "buck" output. I don't know if all seven combinations are selectable but those are the potential ones. On top of that, the right half of the schematic disconnects the output, presumably for under/over voltage conditions that can't be corrected.
Andy
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Off topic
When I started designing and producing mains stabilizers for the local consumers, around 4 decades ago, I used LM324 with trimmers to activate the relays properly (much like the one discussed here).
In my latest designs, I use the old MCU ATmega8A. It ADC pins read both the mains voltage and the output voltage as well. Trimmers are no more needed. I followed two topologies: old conventional and digital.
The MCU conventional design takes 1 relay for each boost tap and 1 relay for each buck one, besides 1 relay for protection (connected at the input, not the output as in the old designs). For example, if the transformer has 5 boost taps and 1 buck tap, the transformer has 7 taps (1 for in-out) connected to 6 relays (and the protecting one). Its advantage is that the transformer is cost effective.
The MCU digital design takes 4 relays (+1 for protection) to achieve 11 boost steps, 1 in-out, and 4 buck steps, total 16 steps (typical input from 120 to 285 Vac, to output 220 +/- 10V). Similarly, with 5 relays, we get 23 boost steps, 1 in-out, 8 buck steps, total 32 steps. But it is better for the latter one to use triacs instead of relays (that is 10 power triacs instead of 5 relays). Its disadvantage is that the transformer costs more than of the conventional design.
As most engineers are doing, I took advantage of the SMPS availability (say 24V, 1A) whose input can vary from 100 to 240V, to supply my boards. But I had to also design a small circuit to increase this range. By connecting it between the mains voltage and the SMPS input, the range becomes from 70 to 400 Vac.
Thanks to LTspice, I was able to test every design before drawing its final PCBs. I substitute the MCU by logic elements.
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Bell, Dave
John Woodgate
